"Conditioning" in a athletic context generally refers to trainings in a way to strengthen the muscles and cardiovascular system to improve performance and prevent injury. In a Karate context, it can also refer to the training of one's body to become more resilient to attacks both in terms of injury prevention and in terms of pain tolerance.

Exercises

Arms

The general term for these arm exercises is Ude Tanren（腕うで鍛たん錬れん）which means "arm toughening/training".

Body

The general term for these arm exercises is ◯（◯）which means "◯".

Legs

The general term for these arm exercises is Ashi Tanren（足あし鍛たん錬れん）which means "leg toughening/training".